By default the local 1-axis of a frame object extends from the i-end of the element to the j-end. The default orientation of…
Plastic Analysis of a beam and frame
In plastic analysis and design of a structure, the ultimate load of the structure as a whole is regarded as the design criterion.…
Static and Kinematic Indeterminacy
1. Unknown Internal Forces (SI) 2. Unknown External Forces (SI) 3. Unknown Movements (KI) 1. Internal Forces: They are the forces produced in a member of…
Slope Deflection Method
ASSUMPTIONS IN THE SLOPE DEFLECTION METHOD This method is based on the following simplified assumptions. 1- All the joints of the frame are…
Displacements by energy principles
Displacementsby energy principles beam of length L under pure bending The total strain energy stored in a bending beam is then and if…
Statically Determinate and Indeterminate Structure
Structure is an assemblage of a number of components like slabs, beams, columns, walls, foundations and so on, which remains in equilibrium. It…
Stress, Strain and Deflection
Stress and Strain Stresses are either tensile or compressive. Structural materials are chosen by their ability to resist tensile or compressive forces, depending…
Limit State of Design
Structures must perform satisfactorily in normal service, and must also have a sufficient margin of safety against collapse. Two type of limit state:…
DHULIKHEL -NAMOBUDDHA
Day 1 Go to Baneswor chowk’s main bus-stop and look for a bus to dhulikhel. Tell the driver/co-driver to drop in dhulikhel bus…
Solar powered water pumping systems
Rural part of Nepal has places still devoid of the national grids. A water pump designed for these regions to lift water needs…